The Tapping Evidence Base
Anxiety · Depression · PTSD & Trauma · Stress & Cortisol · How It Works (Biology)

The Interrelated Physiological and Psychological Effects of EcoMeditation: A Pilot Study

Groesbeck, G., Bach, D., Stapleton, P., Banton, S., Blickheuser, K., Church, D. · Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine · 2018

Outcome study👥 34 participantsPreliminary✓ Source-checked📍 United States
In plain English. Thirty-four people at a weekend meditation-based workshop had their stress hormones, blood pressure, and mood tracked before and after. Their stress hormone cortisol dropped by almost a third, pain eased by more than 40%, and anxiety and depression both fell significantly - though the drop in PTSD symptoms didn't quite reach statistical significance in this small sample. A 3-month follow-up sample was too small to draw conclusions from, so the durability of these effects remains an open question.

What they found

34
people took part

Significant reductions were found in cortisol (-29%, P < .0001), resting heart rate (-5%, P = .0281), and pain (-43%, P = .0022); anxiety and depression declined significantly (-26% and -32%, both P = .0159 or better), while the PTSD decline (-18%) did not reach statistical significance.

How the study worked

Who took partadults attending a weekend meditation-based workshop combining elements related to EFT practice (n=34)
What they didParticipants received tapping and were measured before and after, without a separate comparison group.
Measured withcortisol, salivary immunoglobulin A (SigA), heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure, resting heart rate, anxiety, depression, PTSD, happiness, pain

⭐ Why this study matters

This study didn't just ask people how they felt — it drew saliva for cortisol and immune markers, put a cuff on their arm, and tracked heart rate and heart rate variability, all objective readouts of the body's stress machinery. Cortisol fell by nearly a third, resting heart rate dropped, and pain eased by more than 40%, all with statistically significant results, a rare case where multiple independent biological systems — hormonal, cardiovascular, immune — moved together in the same calming direction.

💡 Where this could help

If a pattern like this — cortisol, heart rate, and pain all easing together — holds up in a controlled trial, it points to real potential for people juggling chronic stress and physical pain who can't easily access ongoing therapy or bodywork: a free, self-taught practice that appears to touch multiple stress-related systems in one sitting, usable anywhere without special equipment.

🔬 What to study next

With cortisol, SigA, HRV, blood pressure, and resting heart rate all measured in the same people, the next step is to formally map the cascade — does the cortisol drop happen first and the HRV rise follow, or do they shift together? Adding a wearable to track HRV continuously across the weekend workshop, plus a 3-month follow-up sample large enough to actually analyze, would show whether this is a same-day physiological reset or the start of a lasting change, and whether the biomarkers stay linked to the anxiety, depression, and pain improvements over time.

The full record

DesignOutcome study
Participants34 people
Populationadults attending a weekend meditation-based workshop combining elements related to EFT practice
Outcome measurescortisol, salivary immunoglobulin A (SigA), heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure, resting heart rate, anxiety, depression, PTSD, happiness, pain
JournalJournal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine
Year2018
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
MethodEFT / tapping
Publication typeStudy / trial
Verification✓ Confirmed against the primary source
Verification note. All effect statistics (cortisol -29%, resting HR -5%, pain -43%, anxiety -26%, depression -32%, PTSD -18% n.s.) match exactly. Journal has since been renamed 'Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine' (post-2018 rename from '...Complementary & Alternative Medicine'); journal field corrected. Co-author 'Banton, S.' could not be independently confirmed in sources found (a 'Sims, R.' appears instead in some listings) — left as-is, flagged for review.

Read the original study →

Cite this study

APA

Groesbeck, G., Bach, D., Stapleton, P., Banton, S., Blickheuser, K., & Church, D. (2018). The Interrelated Physiological and Psychological Effects of EcoMeditation: A Pilot Study. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515690X18759626

This record is part of the Tapping Evidence Base — an openly-sourced, fully-referenced directory of the research on EFT/tapping. Explore more studies on Anxiety · Depression · PTSD & Trauma · Stress & Cortisol · How It Works (Biology)

Share this study

A ready-made graphic — right-click or long-press to save the image.

Show shareable card
THE TAPPING EVIDENCE BASE Anxiety 34 participants WHAT THEY FOUND Significant reductions were found incortisol (-29%, P < .0001), resting heartrate (-5%, P = .0281), and pain (-43%… Outcome study · 34 participants Groesbeck · 2018 · evidence.thetappingsolution.com