The Tapping Evidence Base
PTSD & Trauma · Stress & Cortisol · How It Works (Biology)

Epigenetic Effects of PTSD Remediation in Veterans Using Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Church, D., Yount, G., Rachlin, K., Fox, L., Nelms, J. · American Journal of Health Promotion · 2018

Biology / mechanism👥 16 participants⚖️ vs. treatment as usual / waitlist crossoverPreliminary✓ Source-checked📍 United States
In plain English. 16 veterans with PTSD had blood drawn before and after a course of tapping sessions to see if the therapy left a mark at the level of gene activity, not just self-reported feelings. Their PTSD symptoms dropped by about half, and the researchers found measurable changes in the activity of a handful of stress-related genes. It's a small pilot study, so it's best read as an early, promising signal about a possible biological mechanism rather than a settled finding.

What they found

16
people took part

PTSD symptoms fell 53% in the EFT group (p<.0001), maintained at follow-up, and gene-expression testing found 6 of 93 examined PTSD-related genes were significantly differently expressed (p<.05) before versus after treatment.

How the study worked

Who took partveterans with clinical levels of PTSD (n=16)
What they didThis study measured biological or physiological signals before and after tapping to probe how it may work.
Compared withtreatment as usual / waitlist crossover
Measured withmRNA expression panel (93 PTSD-related genes), SA-45, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Scale, SF-12v2

⭐ Why this study matters

Gene expression is about as deep as biological evidence gets — not how someone feels or even a hormone level, but which genes are actively turned up or down in a blood sample. Finding that a course of tapping was followed by measurably different activity in stress-related genes in veterans with PTSD is a striking, molecular-level signal that something in the body's operating system shifted alongside the drop in symptoms.

💡 Where this could help

If this kind of gene-expression shift is confirmed in more veterans, it would support offering a self-administered, low-cost technique to a population often reluctant to seek ongoing therapy — something a veteran could learn from a clinician in a handful of sessions and then continue using independently, with a plausible biological reason to expect lasting benefit.

🔬 What to study next

The obvious next step is retesting the same 93-gene panel, or an expanded one, in a larger group of veterans, and tracking whether the genes that shifted are the same ones across different people, which would suggest a reliable biological signature rather than noise. Pairing gene expression with cortisol, inflammatory markers, and PTSD symptom severity over a longer follow-up would also help show whether molecular changes precede, follow, or move in lockstep with symptom relief, and whether they persist a year or more after treatment ends.

The full record

DesignBiology / mechanism
Participants16 people
Populationveterans with clinical levels of PTSD
Comparison grouptreatment as usual / waitlist crossover
Outcome measuresmRNA expression panel (93 PTSD-related genes), SA-45, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Scale, SF-12v2
JournalAmerican Journal of Health Promotion
Year2018
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
MethodEFT / tapping
Publication typeStudy / trial
Verification✓ Confirmed against the primary source

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Cite this study

APA

Church, D., Yount, G., Rachlin, K., Fox, L., & Nelms, J. (2018). Epigenetic Effects of PTSD Remediation in Veterans Using Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. American Journal of Health Promotion. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117116661154

This record is part of the Tapping Evidence Base — an openly-sourced, fully-referenced directory of the research on EFT/tapping. Explore more studies on PTSD & Trauma · Stress & Cortisol · How It Works (Biology)

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THE TAPPING EVIDENCE BASE PTSD & Trauma 16 participants WHAT THEY FOUND PTSD symptoms fell 53% in the EFT group(p<.0001), maintained at follow-up, andgene-expression testing found 6 of 93… Biology / mechanism · 16 participants Church · 2018 · evidence.thetappingsolution.com