Tapping (EFT) for Phobias: evidence summary

A one-page overview of the peer-reviewed research, prepared for discussion with a healthcare provider. The Tapping Evidence Base · July 2026

31studies
10randomized trials
1meta-analyses/reviews
697participants

Selected strongest studies

StudyDesignJournalEffect
Boath, E., Stewart, A. et al. (2012)
A search identified 42 published EFT studies, of which 7 RCTs met inclusion criteria; EFT was shown effective for PTSD…
Systematic review, 7 studies Staffordshire University, CPSI Monograph
Al Awdah, A.S., et al. (2021)
The TFT group showed significantly lower dental fear after treatment (p<0.
Randomized trial, N=160 EC Dental Science
Dincer, B., Kumral Özçelik, S. et al. (2020)
Both breathing therapy and EFT groups had comparable pre-intervention anxiety; SUDS, STAI, and speech-anxiety scores decreased…
Randomized trial, N=76 Explore
Irgens, A. (2017)
Both CBT and TFT showed significantly better results than waitlist (p < 0.
Randomized trial, N=72 Frontiers in Psychology Cohen's d = -0.98
Schoninger, B., Hartung, J. (2010)
Participants receiving TFT showed decreases in public speaking anxiety and increases in positive anticipation measures…
Randomized trial, N=48 Energy Psychology: Theory, Practice, Research
Schoninger, B. (2004)
Post-treatment SUD scores decreased significantly (p<=.
Randomized trial, N=48 Dissertation Abstracts International
Wells, S., Polglase, K. et al. (2003)
35 participants were randomly assigned to a single 30-minute session of EFT (n=18) or diaphragmatic breathing (n=17); EFT…
Randomized trial, N=35 Journal of Clinical Psychology Cohen's d (EFT vs diaphragmatic breathing) = 1.64
Irgens, A. (2018)
TFT showed better effect than a 10-week waitlist, with benefits continuing at 3 and 12 months; TFT and cognitive therapy showed…
Randomized trial Doctoral thesis, University of Oslo
What Tapping (EFT) is. A brief self-administered technique combining exposure and cognitive elements with fingertip stimulation of acupressure points. It is used as a self-help and adjunctive practice for stress and emotional regulation. Effect sizes above are reported as each study gives them: randomized and controlled trials give tapping versus a comparison group, while meta-analyses give pooled estimates — between-group versus control, or within-group pre-post where the row is labelled that way. For standardized effects (d, g), ≥ 0.8 is considered large; a Mean Difference is on the symptom scale's own units, not standardized. Limitations across this literature include variable use of active vs. waitlist controls and reliance on self-report measures. This summary is informational and not a substitute for clinical judgment.